Eye anatomy. Rollover the different areas of the eye.
Learning goals
To name the parts of the eye.
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The human eye is made up of an ocular sphere, itself composed of different structures necessary for vision.
The cornea is
the transparent anterior of the ocular sphere. It is shaped like a
spherical cap and projects slightly out of the eye. It covers about 1/5
of the surface of the eye.
The aqueous humor
is a transparent liquid that is constantly filtered and replenished.
Along with the vitreous humor, it maintains the pressure in the eye and
the form of the eye’s surface.
The vitreous humor is a gelatinous transparent substance that fills the ocular cavity behind the lens.
The iris determines
the color of the eye, and controls the amount of light entering the eye
by dilating or contracting, thus changing the size of the pupil that
penetrates the iris at its center.
The lens is a double convex one that permits, via a process of accommodation, the formation of a clear image on the retina.
The retina is
a membrane on which are found the photoreceptive nerve cells known as
rods and cones. This thin surface at the rear of each eye occupies about
75% of the ocular globe. It transforms images formed by the lens into
nerve impulses.
The sclera is
an opaque white membrane that has a very resistant, tendinous
structure. It is about 1-2 mm thick, forms the “white” of the eye. It
contains the pressure inside the eye, and protects against mechanical
injuries.
The fovea is
the part of the retina where visual perception of details is most
precise. It is located on a prolongation of the axis of the optic nerve.
The blind spot
is the place at which the optic nerve, as well as blood vessels, enter
the eye. This results in a small region of the retina that does not
contain any photoreceptors, and so is completely blind.
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